| HISTORY |
Around 1805, the Spanish explorer Gabriel Moraga discovered and named the Sacramento Valley and the Sacramento River after the Spanish term for 'sacrament', specifically, after "the Most Holy Sacrament of the Body and Blood of Christ," referring to the Roman Catholic sacrament of the Eucharist.
In August 1839, pioneer John Sutter arrived in Sacramento area from Switzerland. Sutter along with other settlers established the trading colony and stockade Sutter's Fort in 1840 and called the colony New Helvetia or "New Switzerland." In 1848, gold was discovered by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma just 50 northest of Sutter Fort. Word of this discovery echoed fast and large numbers of gold seekers flocked to the area.
With this increasing population at hand, John Sutter, Jr. created the first plan the City of Sacramento, naming the city for commerican reasons after the Sacramento River.
Topographical engineer William H. Warner has hired to draft the official layout of the city, which included 26 lettered and 31 numbered streets (today's grid from C to Broadway and from Front to Alhambra).
The citizens of Sacramento adopted a city charter in 1849, which was recognized by the state legislature in 1850. Sacramento is the oldest incorporated city in California. During the gold rush, Sacramento was a major distribution point, a commercial and agricultural center, and a central station for wagon trains, stagecoaches, riverboats, the telegraph, the Pony Express and the First Transcontinental Railroad. Because of its position just downstream from the Mother Lode and gold country, the newly founded city grew, quickly reaching a population of 10,000.
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| CAPITAL CITY |
The California State Legislature named Sacramento as the permanent home of the state capital in 1854. Previously, the capital was located in San Jose, Vallejo, and Benicia.
Both the American and especially Sacramento rivers would be key elements in the economic success of the city thorough transportation and commerce.. In fact, Sacramento effectively controlled commerce on these rivers, and public works projects were funded though taxes levied on goods unloaded from boats and loaded onto rail cars in the historic Sacramento Rail Yards.
Sacramentans raised the level of the city by landfill. The previous first floors of buildings became the basements, in an effort to control the flooding. Today there are many downtown buildings with basements that were once main floor storefronts with their orignal windows still in place. |
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| GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE |
Geography
• Elevation: 25 feet (8 m).
• Latitude: 38° 31' N. – Longitude: 121° 30' W.
The population in 2000 was 407,018; the 1980 population was 275,741. The city's current estimated population is around 475,000.
Climate
Sacramento has a Mediterranean climate that is characterized by mild winters and
dry summers. The area usually has low humidity. Rain generally falls only between November and March, with the rainy season tapering off almost completely by the
end of April. The average temperature throughout the year is 61 °F (16 °C), with the daily average ranging from 46 °F (8 °C) in December and January to 76 °F (24 °C)
in July. The average year has 73 days with a high over 90 °F (34 °C), and 18 days when the low drops below 32 °F
(0 °C).
Average yearly precipitation is 17.4" (442 mm), with almost no rain during the
summer months, to an average rainfall of 3.7" (94 mm) in January. It rains, on average, 58 days
of the year.
In December and January, the only white one will
see in Sacramento is most likey the morning tule fog. On average, 96 days in the
year have fog. Zero days of snow. |
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| 916.799.4835 |
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